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Management of side effects of Chemotherapy & Immunotherapy
The management of side effects associated with chemotherapy and immunotherapy is a critical aspect of cancer care to ensure patients can tolerate and complete their treatment. Chemotherapy commonly causes side effects such as nausea, vomiting, fatigue, and myelosuppression (reduced blood cell counts). Antiemetic medications, supportive care, and growth factor support are often utilized to alleviate these symptoms. Regular monitoring of blood counts helps manage myelosuppression, and adjustments to treatment doses may be considered. Immunotherapy, which aims to boost the body's immune response against cancer, can lead to immune-related adverse events (irAEs) affecting various organs. Common irAEs include skin rash, diarrhea, and endocrine dysfunction. Prompt recognition and management are essential to prevent severe complications. Corticosteroids are often used to suppress immune reactions, and in some cases, immunosuppressive agents may be necessary.
About the Speaker
Dr. Hala Abdellatif
HOD & Specialist Oncologist Mediclinic, AUH
Upcoming Case Discussions
Acne: Disorders and Treatment Approaches
Acne is a common dermatological condition caused by clogged pores, excess sebum production, bacterial growth, and inflammation. It can manifest as blackheads, whiteheads, papules, pustules, or cysts, often leading to scarring if untreated. Various factors, including hormonal changes, diet, stress, and genetics, influence its severity. Treatment approaches range from topical and oral medications, such as retinoids, antibiotics, and hormonal therapy, to advanced procedures like chemical peels and laser therapy. A personalized skincare regimen, along with lifestyle modifications, plays a crucial role in managing and preventing acne.
Congenital Uterine Anomalies
Congenital uterine anomalies are structural abnormalities of the uterus resulting from improper fusion, canalization, or resorption of the Müllerian ducts during fetal development. These anomalies include septate, bicornuate, unicornuate, and didelphys uterus, among others. They can be asymptomatic or associated with infertility, recurrent pregnancy loss, preterm birth, or abnormal menstruation. Diagnosis is typically made using imaging modalities like ultrasound, MRI, or hysterosalpingography. Treatment depends on the type and severity of the anomaly, with surgical correction such as hysteroscopic septum resection often indicated in symptomatic cases. Early detection is crucial for optimizing reproductive outcomes and guiding appropriate management strategies.
Management of Postoperative Pain: Best Practices for GP’s
Effective management of postoperative pain is crucial for promoting recovery and preventing complications. General practitioners should start by assessing pain severity using appropriate scales, then tailor the treatment plan based on the patient's medical history and the type of surgery. A combination of pharmacological approaches, such as non-opioid analgesics (e.g., NSAIDs) and opioids when necessary, should be used to minimize pain while reducing the risk of addiction. Multimodal strategies, including physical therapy and non-pharmacological techniques like cold therapy or mindfulness, can further enhance pain relief. Close follow-up is essential to adjust the treatment as needed and ensure the patient's pain is well-controlled.
Diabetes and Stem Cells: What Does the Future Hold?
The future of diabetes treatment may be revolutionized by stem cell research, offering hope for a long-term cure. Scientists are developing stem cell therapies that could regenerate insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas, potentially restoring natural insulin production in people with type 1 diabetes. Early clinical trials have shown promising results, with some patients reducing or eliminating their need for insulin injections. While challenges like immune rejection and long-term efficacy remain, continued advancements suggest stem cell therapy could significantly change diabetes management in the coming years.
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The management of side effects associated with chemotherapy and immunotherapy is a critical aspect of cancer care to ensure patients can tolerate and complete their treatment. Chemotherapy commonly causes side effects such as nausea, vomiting, fatigue, and myelosuppression (reduced blood cell counts). Antiemetic medications, supportive care, and growth factor support are often utilized to alleviate these symptoms. Regular monitoring of blood counts helps manage myelosuppression, and adjustments to treatment doses may be considered. Immunotherapy, which aims to boost the body's immune response against cancer, can lead to immune-related adverse events (irAEs) affecting various organs. Common irAEs include skin rash, diarrhea, and endocrine dysfunction. Prompt recognition and management are essential to prevent severe complications. Corticosteroids are often used to suppress immune reactions, and in some cases, immunosuppressive agents may be necessary.