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Management of Asthma in Adults
Asthma is a common, non-communicable, and variable chronic disease that can cause episodic or persistent respiratory symptoms (such as shortness of breath, wheezing, chest tightness, and cough), as well as airflow limitation, the latter of which is brought on by bronchoconstriction, airway wall thickening, and increased mucus. It affects as many as 235 million people worldwide and is frequently misdiagnosed and undertreated, especially in low- and middle-income nations. Asthma is a chronic condition that requires continuing, comprehensive care aimed at reducing symptom burden (i.e., excellent symptom management while maintaining normal activity levels) and reducing the probability of adverse events such exacerbations, fixed airflow restriction, and side effects from therapy.
About the Speaker
Dr. Sherif Fayed
MBchB, Msc, MD, PhD, FRCP(Glasg), FCCP Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Consultant
Upcoming Case Discussions
Ulcerative Colitis: Treatment and Management review
Respiratory diseases in children, such as asthma, pneumonia, and bronchiolitis, are significant causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. These conditions often present with symptoms like wheezing, coughing, and difficulty breathing, requiring prompt diagnosis and management. Advances in medical care have improved the treatment outcomes, but disparities in healthcare access still pose challenges. Preventative measures, including vaccination and reducing exposure to environmental pollutants, play a crucial role in mitigating the impact of these diseases. Early intervention and comprehensive care are essential to enhance the quality of life for affected children.
Hypoxia and Oxygen Therapy
Oxygen therapy and non-invasive ventilation (NIV) are critical treatments for patients with respiratory issues. Oxygen therapy involves delivering supplemental oxygen to those with low blood oxygen levels due to conditions like COPD or pneumonia. Non-invasive ventilation, such as CPAP or BiPAP, supports breathing without the need for intubation, using a mask to provide pressurized air. NIV helps maintain airway pressure, improving oxygenation and reducing the work of breathing. Both therapies are less invasive options that can stabilize patients and improve outcomes, often preventing the need for more aggressive interventions like mechanical ventilation
Approach to Menstrual Disorders
Menstrual disorders encompass a variety of conditions that affect the regularity and characteristics of the menstrual cycle, significantly impacting a woman's quality of life. Common types include amenorrhea (absence of menstruation), dysmenorrhea (painful periods), menorrhagia (excessive bleeding), oligomenorrhea (infrequent periods), and premenstrual syndrome (PMS). These disorders can result from hormonal imbalances, stress, underlying medical conditions, or lifestyle factors. Symptoms may include irregular or heavy bleeding, severe pain, mood swings, and fatigue. Diagnosis typically involves a thorough medical history, physical exams, and potentially imaging studies or blood tests. Treatment options vary based on the specific disorder and may include lifestyle changes, hormonal therapies, medications for pain relief, or surgical interventions. Early diagnosis and appropriate management are crucial for improving the overall well-being of those affected.
Management of Metabolic Syndrome in Children
The management of metabolic syndrome in children is crucial due to its association with long-term risks like cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Metabolic syndrome is characterized by a cluster of conditions, including obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. Early intervention is key to preventing these complications. The primary treatment approach involves lifestyle modification. Encouraging a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, while reducing intake of sugary and processed foods, can help improve weight management and metabolic health. Regular physical activity, such as 60 minutes of moderate exercise daily, is also essential to enhance insulin sensitivity and promote cardiovascular fitness.
Mastering Mechanical Ventilation
Mechanical ventilation is an important strategy for sustaining life in acute or emergent settings, especially in patients with damaged airways, poor breathing, or hypoxic respiratory failure. This treatment uses positive pressure breaths and relies on the airway system's compliance and resistance. Clinicians in critical care units must grasp how mechanical ventilation influences patient physiology and reaction to diverse disease states, highlighting the importance of a thorough understanding of safe use guidelines. A thorough understanding of human physiology and airway mechanics concepts is essential for clinicians treating intubated patients, laying the groundwork for safe and effective breathing techniques. This understanding is critical for recognizing key indications for invasive mechanical ventilation, such as airway compromise, protection in obtunded individuals or those with dynamic airways.
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Dr. Sherif Fayed's Talks on Assimilate
- 12-September-2022 , Time: 4PM to 5PM
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Asthma is a common, non-communicable, and variable chronic disease that can cause episodic or persistent respiratory symptoms (such as shortness of breath, wheezing, chest tightness, and cough), as well as airflow limitation, the latter of which is brought on by bronchoconstriction, airway wall thickening, and increased mucus. It affects as many as 235 million people worldwide and is frequently misdiagnosed and undertreated, especially in low- and middle-income nations. Asthma is a chronic condition that requires continuing, comprehensive care aimed at reducing symptom burden (i.e., excellent symptom management while maintaining normal activity levels) and reducing the probability of adverse events such exacerbations, fixed airflow restriction, and side effects from therapy.