Intrahepatic Cholestasis in Pregnancy: An Overview and Update

Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy (ICP) is a liver disorder that specifically occurs during pregnancy, typically in the third trimester. It is characterized by impaired bile flow within the liver, leading to the accumulation of bile acids in the bloodstream. While the exact cause is not fully understood, hormonal changes during pregnancy, genetic factors, and environmental influences may contribute to the development of ICP. Symptoms of ICP include intense itching, particularly on the hands and feet, which is often more pronounced at night. Other symptoms may include dark urine, pale stools, and jaundice. ICP poses potential risks to both the mother and the fetus. Increased levels of bile acids in the maternal bloodstream can be associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as preterm birth, fetal distress, and stillbirth. Therefore, early detection and appropriate management are crucial.