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Hypertension: mechanism and approach to target organ protection
Hypertension is a common condition characterized by abnormally high blood pressure levels. The mechanism underlying hypertension involves an increase in peripheral vascular resistance and/or an increase in cardiac output. Several factors can contribute to the development of hypertension, including age, family history, obesity, physical inactivity, and smoking. Hypertension can cause damage to target organs such as the heart, kidneys, and brain, leading to cardiovascular disease, renal failure, and stroke. Effective management of hypertension involves targeting the underlying mechanism and implementing measures to protect target organs from damage. The mainstay of hypertension management is lifestyle modifications, including weight loss, regular physical activity, and a healthy diet. In addition to lifestyle modifications, pharmacological interventions are also used to manage hypertension. Antihypertensive medications can be classified based on their mechanism of action, including diuretics, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors.
About the Speaker
Dr.Ramkumar Sundaraperumal
HOD and Specialist Internal Medicine, Zulekha hospital, Dubai
Upcoming Case Discussions
Technology Integration with Healthcare
Technology integration in healthcare is transforming the way medical services are delivered, enhancing efficiency and patient outcomes. Innovations such as telemedicine, electronic health records (EHR), and wearable devices allow for real-time monitoring and improved accessibility. Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning aid in early diagnosis and personalized treatment plans. Robotic surgeries and advanced imaging techniques offer precision and reduced recovery times. By combining technology with healthcare, providers can streamline operations, improve patient engagement, and deliver cost-effective care solutions.
Pediatric Obesity: Treatment Management
Treatment management for pediatric obesity combines lifestyle changes, family support, and, in severe cases, medical interventions. Family-based strategies are key, encouraging healthy eating habits, regular physical activity, and reduced screen time. Behavioral therapy helps set achievable goals and address barriers, empowering children and families to make sustainable lifestyle adjustments. Dietitians often assist in designing individualized meal plans that focus on nutrient-rich foods and limit calorie-dense options. In cases of severe obesity with related health conditions, medications or surgery may be considered, particularly for adolescents. Continuous monitoring and support from healthcare providers are essential for long-term success and health improvement.
Case Based Approach to Arthritis
A case-based approach to arthritis involves analyzing individual patient cases to tailor diagnostic and therapeutic strategies based on specific symptoms, disease progression, and underlying causes. This method enhances clinical decision-making by providing personalized treatment plans and improving patient outcomes in conditions like osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and psoriatic arthritis.
Clinician’s Approach to Sleep Apnea
A clinician's approach to sleep apnea begins with a thorough assessment of the patient's medical history, symptoms (such as snoring, choking, and daytime fatigue), and risk factors like obesity or hypertension. Diagnosis is typically confirmed through polysomnography or home sleep apnea testing, followed by treatment strategies such as continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), lifestyle modifications, or surgical interventions depending on the severity and type of sleep apnea.
Falls and Fractures in Older Adults: Prevention and Immediate Care
Falls and fractures in older adults are common and can lead to significant morbidity, highlighting the importance of fall prevention strategies such as strength training, balance exercises, and home safety modifications. Immediate care involves quick assessment for fractures, pain management, and stabilization, along with appropriate transport to healthcare facilities for further evaluation and treatment.
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