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Diagnosis And Management of HIV In Pregnancy
Early and routine HIV testing during pregnancy is essential for timely diagnosis. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) reduces transmission risk, protecting the fetus. Regular monitoring ensures optimal immune health for both mother and child. Tailored ART regimens consider viral load, CD4 count, and maternal health. Scheduled cesarean section may be recommended to minimize transmission risks during childbirth. Administering antiretroviral drugs to newborns further reduces the risk of transmission during breastfeeding. Continuous medical surveillance monitors both maternal and infant health. Addressing stigma and providing counseling supports the emotional well-being of pregnant individuals with HIV. Educating patients on adherence, contraception, and the importance of medical follow-ups is crucial for successful management.
About the Speaker
Dr Maitrayee Chennu
Consultant Obstetrician and Gynaecologist Sankhya Hospitals, Hyderabad
Dr Chennu's dedication to her patients and her profession has earned her a reputation as a compassionate and highly competent physician, and she is a valuable asset to the team at Sankhya Hospitals.
Upcoming Case Discussions
Anemia in Dialysis Patients: Recent Evidence
The evaluation of a patient with altered mental status begins with a detailed history. Because the patient may be unable to offer a history, it will be required to seek additional information from family, friends, or the primary medical team. The first step is to ascertain the timing of the mental status change and the circumstances surrounding it, such as medication/drug usage or trauma. An acute change in mental state is a medical emergency that necessitates an immediate, systematic evaluation. Airway, breathing, and circulation ("ABC's") should be evaluated in conjunction with an updated set of full vital signs and finger-stick blood glucose. Tachycardia may indicate a systemic infection, pulmonary embolism, or atrial fibrillation with high ventricular rate.
AI Solutions for Hospitals
AI in healthcare is the application of machine learning, natural language processing, deep learning, and other AI technologies to improve the experiences of both healthcare workers and patients. AI's data-processing and prediction skills allow health practitioners to better manage their resources and tackle many facets of healthcare in a more proactive manner. With these technology, doctors can make faster and more accurate diagnoses, health administrators can find electronic health information more quickly, and patients can receive more timely and individualized care.
Trauma in ICU
Trauma in the ICU presents unique challenges, requiring rapid assessment and multidisciplinary management to address life-threatening injuries. Patients admitted with trauma often have multiple injuries, including traumatic brain injury, fractures, and internal organ damage. The primary goal is to stabilize the airway, breathing, and circulation (the ABCs) while managing hemorrhage, ensuring adequate oxygenation, and preventing further injury. Early identification and treatment of potential complications such as sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and multi-organ failure are critical. Continuous monitoring of vital signs, blood gases, and fluid balance is essential to guide interventions. Pain management and sedation are also key components, but they must be balanced to avoid oversedation, which can complicate recovery. A comprehensive approach, including rehabilitation and nutritional support, is necessary to optimize outcomes. Effective communication between the trauma, surgical, and ICU teams plays a pivotal role in managing complex trauma cases and improving patient survival.
બાળકોમાં વાયરલ તાવ Viral Fever in Children
Viral fever in children is a common condition, usually caused by various viruses such as the flu, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), or adenoviruses. It often presents with symptoms like fever, body aches, cough, sore throat, and fatigue. In some cases, children may also experience gastrointestinal symptoms like vomiting or diarrhea. Management focuses on symptomatic relief and supportive care. Ensuring proper hydration is key, as fever can cause dehydration. Over-the-counter antipyretics, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen, are commonly used to reduce fever and alleviate discomfort. Rest and a balanced diet are also important in promoting recovery. Most viral fevers resolve on their own within a few days, but parents should watch for signs of complications, such as persistent high fever, difficulty breathing, or dehydration, which may require medical attention. Educating parents about recognizing warning signs is essential to ensure timely intervention and prevent more serious health issues in children.
Approach to Diabetes In CVD Patients
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetes mellitus. This narrative analysis provides a thorough examination of the intricate relationship between diabetes and cardiovascular problems. Let us synthesize current literature to examine the most recent information on preventative measures and treatment choices for reducing cardiovascular risk in diabetic people. Insulin resistance is a key link between diabetes and CVD, causing dyslipidemia and atherogenesis. As a result, those with diabetes are at a much higher risk of cardiovascular events. Furthermore, hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and inflammation worsen endothelial dysfunction and vascular damage, increasing the risk of cardiovascular problems. The combination between diabetes and CVD frequently accelerates the development of atherosclerotic plaque, making the plaque more prone to rupture. This can lead to severe cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction and stroke.