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Congenital Fetal Anomalies : Clinical View
Congenital anomalies can be defined as structural or functional anomalies that occur during intrauterine life. Also called birth defects, congenital disorders, or congenital malformations, these conditions develop prenatally and may be identified before or at birth, or later in life. An estimated 6% of babies worldwide are born with a congenital anomaly, resulting in hundreds of thousands of associated deaths. However, the true number of cases may be much higher because statistics do not often consider terminated pregnancies and stillbirths. Some congenital anomalies can be treated with surgical and non-surgical options, such as cleft lip and palate, clubfoot, and hernias. Others, including heart defects, neural tube defects, and down syndrome, can cause lifelong impacts. Congenital anomalies are one of the main causes of the global burden of disease, and low- and middle-income countries are disproportionately affected. These areas are also less likely to have facilities to treat reversible conditions such as clubfoot, leading to more pronounced and long-lasting effects.
About the Speaker
Dr Vishal Parmar
MBBS, DCH, MRCPCH,Fellow in Neonatal Medicine,PGPN Bostan Pediatrician Mumbai, India.
Upcoming Case Discussions
Technology Integration with Healthcare
Technology integration in healthcare is transforming the way medical services are delivered, enhancing efficiency and patient outcomes. Innovations such as telemedicine, electronic health records (EHR), and wearable devices allow for real-time monitoring and improved accessibility. Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning aid in early diagnosis and personalized treatment plans. Robotic surgeries and advanced imaging techniques offer precision and reduced recovery times. By combining technology with healthcare, providers can streamline operations, improve patient engagement, and deliver cost-effective care solutions.
Pediatric Obesity: Treatment Management
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Clinician’s Approach to Sleep Apnea
A clinician's approach to sleep apnea begins with a thorough assessment of the patient's medical history, symptoms (such as snoring, choking, and daytime fatigue), and risk factors like obesity or hypertension. Diagnosis is typically confirmed through polysomnography or home sleep apnea testing, followed by treatment strategies such as continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), lifestyle modifications, or surgical interventions depending on the severity and type of sleep apnea.
Case Based Approach to Arthritis
A case-based approach to arthritis involves analyzing individual patient cases to tailor diagnostic and therapeutic strategies based on specific symptoms, disease progression, and underlying causes. This method enhances clinical decision-making by providing personalized treatment plans and improving patient outcomes in conditions like osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and psoriatic arthritis.
Falls and Fractures in Older Adults: Prevention and Immediate Care
Falls and fractures in older adults are common and can lead to significant morbidity, highlighting the importance of fall prevention strategies such as strength training, balance exercises, and home safety modifications. Immediate care involves quick assessment for fractures, pain management, and stabilization, along with appropriate transport to healthcare facilities for further evaluation and treatment.