Keterangan
Male infertility, often relegated to the shadows of conversation, is a pervasive yet frequently overlooked issue causing immense emotional distress and societal stigma. The silence surrounding this topic stems from cultural taboos and misconceptions, leaving many men to grapple with feelings of inadequacy and shame. Despite affecting roughly half of all infertility cases, discussions around male fertility remain scant, perpetuating a cycle of secrecy and isolation. Breaking this silence is crucial for fostering understanding, support, and access to necessary medical interventions, ultimately empowering individuals and couples to navigate this journey with dignity and compassion.
Ringkasan
- The presentation discusses male infertility, highlighting that it accounts for a significant percentage of infertility cases worldwide, with variations across different regions. The process of spermatogenesis is explained in detail, emphasizing the time required for mature sperm formation and the importance of understanding different stages like spermatogonia, spermatocytes, and spermatids for diagnosis through FNAC of the testis. Endocrine control of spermatogenesis is also covered, outlining the roles of the central nervous system, hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and Leydig and Sertoli cells in hormone production and sperm development.
- Causes of male infertility are categorized as pre-testicular, testicular, and post-testicular, encompassing genetic conditions like Kallmann syndrome and Klinefelter's syndrome, systemic diseases, varicoceles, and obstructions in the ejaculatory ducts. Evaluation methods, adhering to ASRM and AUA guidelines, include a thorough history, physical examination, and semen analysis. Lifestyle factors, occupational hazards, substance abuse, and medical history are considered, with a discussion on the impact of aging on male fertility and potential adverse health outcomes for offspring.
- Semen analysis parameters, as per WHO guidelines, cover appearance, liquefaction, viscosity, volume, pH, sperm concentration, motility, and morphology. Advanced tests such as assessment of round cells, leukocyte count, sperm DNA fragmentation, and anti-sperm antibody tests are explored. Furthermore, endocrine testing, genetic evaluations (karyotyping, Y chromosome microdeletion, CFTR gene mutations), and imaging techniques (scrotal ultrasound, transrectal ultrasonography) are described as diagnostic tools.
- Management strategies include medical, surgical, and assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Medical treatments target hormone imbalances, infections, sexual dysfunction, and oxidative stress with interventions such as hCG, aromatase inhibitors, and antioxidants. Surgical options address varicocele repair, vasectomy reversal, and ejaculatory duct obstruction. ART options encompass intrauterine insemination (IUI), in vitro fertilization (IVF), intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), and sperm retrieval techniques (TESA, PESA, micro-TESE) for severe cases of male infertility. Novel approaches like testicular PRP are also mentioned.
Contoh Sertifikat
Tentang Pembicara
Dokter Richika Sahay
Director at India IVF Clinic Head Fertility specialist and Gynec-Laparoscopic surgeon at Fortis Hospital
Komentar
Komentar
Anda harus login untuk meninggalkan komentar.