विवरण
Nearly 267 million adults in India are tobacco users,according to the Global Adult Tobacco Survey India,2016- 17.Smoking has become one of the most concerning issue especially between the young generation,it can cause lung disease by damaging the airways and small air sacs found in lungs. Smoking cessation lowers the risk of cancer and other health problems.Having counseling, behavior therapy, proper medication and nicotine containing products can be helpful for quitting.
सारांश
- Tobacco use is a significant health concern, directly or indirectly causing 50% of illnesses, including heart attacks, stroke, and various cancers. Notably, one in two tobacco users die because of their habit, highlighting its extreme danger.
- One of the key aspects emphasized is the preventability of tobacco use. While quitting can be challenging, with only about 5% succeeding independently, assistance through counseling (15% quit rate) and pharmacotherapy or NRT (30% quit rate) significantly improves the odds.
- Practical tobacco cessation strategies were discussed, emphasizing that even minimal training can equip healthcare providers to assist patients. The speaker highlighted the importance of tailored approaches using real-life cases.
- The speaker used an anecdote about a driver in Leh, Ladakh, to illustrate essential elements in tobacco cessation. He emphasized building rapport, understanding the individual's circumstances, and identifying a strong personal reason for quitting.
- The importance of a supportive "champion" or peer was underscored. This individual provides motivation and encouragement throughout the quitting process, especially during difficult stages.
- Methods for quitting include the "cold turkey" approach (immediate cessation) and gradual reduction. The choice depends on the individual's addiction level and risk of severe withdrawal symptoms. Additionally, identifying and engaging in leisure activities is crucial for distraction and managing cravings.
- Monitoring progress and removing cues associated with tobacco use are essential for sustained success. This includes avoiding smoking peers and removing items like ashtrays from the environment.
- When addressing patients, remember the "three A's": Ask about tobacco use, Assess the level of addiction, and Assist through counseling or pharmacotherapy. Nicotine replacement therapy, while effective, should be administered under guidance due to the need for tapering doses.
- The speaker highlighted the importance of assessing a patient's readiness to quit. There are five stages of motivation, and only those actively willing to quit are ideal candidates for immediate counseling.
- Family members play a crucial role in tobacco cessation by providing support and encouragement. Counseling sessions can be conducted in the presence of family to ensure they understand the individual's status and needs.
- Withdrawal symptoms should be carefully managed, ideally through nicotine replacement therapy to minimize severity. Engaging in pleasurable activities, focusing on family, and seeking support can help alleviate these symptoms.
- Tools like CO analyzers and rapid saliva tests can serve as both diagnostic and educational resources. These can visually demonstrate the impact of smoking and encourage cessation efforts.
- Irritation of the lips and tongue during NRT can be mitigated by following proper chewing techniques and dose management. Specifically, chewing gums should be chewed slowly and kept on one side of the mouth.
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