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Management of Acute Airway Obstruction
An acute upper airway obstruction (UAO) is a blockage that occurs in your upper airway. The upper airway of your respiratory system consists of the trachea, larynx or voice box, and throat. A blockage in your airway could prevent your body from getting enough oxygen. A lack of oxygen can cause brain damage, and even a heart attack, in a matter of minutes. Any obstruction of the upper airway has the potential to be life-threatening. Seek emergency medical attention immediately if you suspect that you, or someone you know, has an obstructed upper airway.Acute airway obstruction (the foreign body either completely obstructs the pharynx or acts as a valve on the laryngeal inlet), no warning signs, most frequently in a child 6 months-5 years playing with a small object or eating. Conscience is initially maintained. Perform maneuvers to relieve obstruction only if the patient cannot speak or cough or emit any sound: Children over 1 year and adults: Heimlich manoeuvre: stand behind the patient. Place a closed fist in the pit of the stomach, above the navel and below the ribs. Place the other hand over fist and press hard into the abdomen with a quick, upward thrust. Perform one to five abdominal thrusts in order to compress the lungs from the below and dislodge the foreign body. Children under 1 year: Place the infant face down across the forearm (resting the forearm on the leg) and support the infant’s head with the hand. With the heel of the other hand, perform one to five slaps on the back, between shoulder plates. If unsuccessful, turn the infant on their back. Perform five forceful sternal compressions as in cardiopulmonary resuscitation: use 2 or 3 fingers in the center of the chest just below the nipples. Press down approximately one-third the depth of the chest (about 3 to 4 cm).
About the Speaker
Dr Pooja Wadwa
Additional Director, Critical Care Medicine, ECMO specialist,FMRI,Gurgoan
Upcoming Case Discussions
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Case Scenario: Role of Point Care Ultrasound in NICU
Point-of-care ultrasound in the NICU allows for early diagnosis of various conditions such as respiratory distress, intraventricular hemorrhage, and congenital heart defects, aiding in timely interventions. POCUS enables real-time bedside monitoring of neonatal patients, providing immediate feedback on cardiac function, lung status, and fluid balance without the need for transportation to a separate imaging facility. Unlike traditional imaging modalities such as X-rays and CT scans, POCUS uses ultrasound waves that do not involve ionizing radiation, making it safer for frequent use in critically ill neonates. POCUS helps assess hemodynamics, including cardiac output, systemic and pulmonary blood flow, and evaluation of ductus arteriosus patency, guiding treatment decisions in hemodynamically unstable infants. Lung ultrasound provides rapid assessment of lung aeration and helps differentiate between different lung pathologies, aiding in the management of respiratory distress syndrome and other respiratory conditions. POCUS devices are portable and easy to use at the bedside, allowing neonatologists and intensivists to obtain immediate diagnostic information during rounds or emergent situations.
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Fluid Management and Hemodynamic Optimization
Fluid management and hemodynamic optimization are crucial components of patient care in various clinical settings, particularly in critical care, perioperative care, and the management of sepsis and shock. The goal of fluid management is to achieve an optimal balance between fluid administration and removal, ensuring adequate tissue perfusion while minimizing complications associated with fluid overload or depletion. This involves assessing the patient's fluid status, monitoring hemodynamic parameters such as blood pressure, heart rate, cardiac output, and oxygen delivery, and tailoring fluid therapy accordingly. Strategies for hemodynamic optimization may include the use of fluid resuscitation, vasopressors, inotropes, and other interventions aimed at maintaining organ perfusion and function. However, it's essential to individualize treatment based on the patient's specific condition, comorbidities, and response to therapy, while also considering potential risks such as pulmonary edema, renal impairment, and tissue ischemia. Effective fluid management and hemodynamic optimization require a multidisciplinary approach, close monitoring, and ongoing reassessment to optimize patient outcomes while minimizing complications.
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Dr Pooja Wadwa's Talks on Assimilate
- 19th-October-2022, TIME : 5:00PM - 6:00PM
- 0
An acute upper airway obstruction (UAO) is a blockage that occurs in your upper airway. The upper airway of your respiratory system consists of the trachea, larynx or voice box, and throat. A blockage in your airway could prevent your body from getting enough oxygen. A lack of oxygen can cause brain damage, and even a heart attack, in a matter of minutes. Any obstruction of the upper airway has the potential to be life-threatening. Seek emergency medical attention immediately if you suspect that you, or someone you know, has an obstructed upper airway.Acute airway obstruction (the foreign body either completely obstructs the pharynx or acts as a valve on the laryngeal inlet), no warning signs, most frequently in a child 6 months-5 years playing with a small object or eating. Conscience is initially maintained. Perform maneuvers to relieve obstruction only if the patient cannot speak or cough or emit any sound: Children over 1 year and adults: Heimlich manoeuvre: stand behind the patient. Place a closed fist in the pit of the stomach, above the navel and below the ribs. Place the other hand over fist and press hard into the abdomen with a quick, upward thrust. Perform one to five abdominal thrusts in order to compress the lungs from the below and dislodge the foreign body. Children under 1 year: Place the infant face down across the forearm (resting the forearm on the leg) and support the infant’s head with the hand. With the heel of the other hand, perform one to five slaps on the back, between shoulder plates. If unsuccessful, turn the infant on their back. Perform five forceful sternal compressions as in cardiopulmonary resuscitation: use 2 or 3 fingers in the center of the chest just below the nipples. Press down approximately one-third the depth of the chest (about 3 to 4 cm).
- 19th-October-2022, TIME : 5:00PM - 6:00PM
- 0
An acute upper airway obstruction (UAO) is a blockage that occurs in your upper airway. The upper airway of your respiratory system consists of the trachea, larynx or voice box, and throat. A blockage in your airway could prevent your body from getting enough oxygen. A lack of oxygen can cause brain damage, and even a heart attack, in a matter of minutes. Any obstruction of the upper airway has the potential to be life-threatening. Seek emergency medical attention immediately if you suspect that you, or someone you know, has an obstructed upper airway.Acute airway obstruction (the foreign body either completely obstructs the pharynx or acts as a valve on the laryngeal inlet), no warning signs, most frequently in a child 6 months-5 years playing with a small object or eating. Conscience is initially maintained. Perform maneuvers to relieve obstruction only if the patient cannot speak or cough or emit any sound: Children over 1 year and adults: Heimlich manoeuvre: stand behind the patient. Place a closed fist in the pit of the stomach, above the navel and below the ribs. Place the other hand over fist and press hard into the abdomen with a quick, upward thrust. Perform one to five abdominal thrusts in order to compress the lungs from the below and dislodge the foreign body. Children under 1 year: Place the infant face down across the forearm (resting the forearm on the leg) and support the infant’s head with the hand. With the heel of the other hand, perform one to five slaps on the back, between shoulder plates. If unsuccessful, turn the infant on their back. Perform five forceful sternal compressions as in cardiopulmonary resuscitation: use 2 or 3 fingers in the center of the chest just below the nipples. Press down approximately one-third the depth of the chest (about 3 to 4 cm).