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Diabetes Mellitus and its management

Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels due to either insufficient insulin production (Type 1) or insulin resistance (Type 2). Type 1 Diabetes is an autoimmune condition where the body's immune system attacks and destroys insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. Type 2 Diabetes typically develops due to a combination of genetic factors, lifestyle choices, and obesity, leading to insulin resistance and reduced insulin effectiveness. Gestational Diabetes occurs during pregnancy when hormonal changes lead to insulin resistance, often resolving after childbirth. Chronic hyperglycemia in Diabetes can lead to complications affecting the eyes, kidneys, nerves, heart, and blood vessels. Diabetes management includes blood sugar monitoring, healthy eating, regular physical activity, and medication or insulin therapy. A balanced diet rich in whole grains, lean protein, healthy fats, and vegetables is crucial for blood sugar control.

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Dr.Ramkumar Sundaraperumal 
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Dr.Ramkumar Sundaraperumal

HOD and Specialist Internal Medicine, Zulekha hospital, Dubai

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