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Understanding Gastric Cancer
Gastric cancer, often referred to as stomach cancer, is a malignancy that begins in the cells lining the stomach. Several factors increase the risk of developing gastric cancer, including infection with Helicobacter pylori bacteria, a family history of the disease, smoking, and a diet high in salty or smoked foods. Gastric cancer can be categorized into several types, with adenocarcinoma being the most common. Other rare types include lymphoma, stromal tumors, and carcinoid tumors. Early-stage gastric cancer often shows no symptoms. As the disease progresses, symptoms may include abdominal pain, indigestion, unintentional weight loss, and difficulty swallowing. Diagnosis typically involves endoscopy, where a flexible tube with a camera is inserted into the stomach to examine the lining and take biopsies. Imaging studies like CT scans and X-rays may also be used. Gastric cancer is staged to determine the extent of the disease. Stages range from 0 (limited to the inner lining) to IV (spread to distant organs). Treatment options depend on the stage and location of the cancer but may include surgery to remove the tumor, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapies, or immunotherapy.
About the Speaker
Dr. Raajit Chanana
Senior Consultant Medical Oncology, Dharamshila Narayana Superspeciality Hospital, New Delhi.
Upcoming Case Discussions
Diabetes and GI Disorders: Understanding the Connection
Dr. Firdous Shaikh is a highly esteemed Consultant Diabetologist and Metabolic Physician based in Mumbai, India, with over six years of experience in diabetes care. Currently, she serves at the Shri Kapol Utkarsh Mandal and Jyoti Clinic, where she has been providing expert consultation since December 2018. Previously, Dr. Shaikh worked as an Associate Consultant Diabetologist at Lina Diabetes Care Centre and held positions at Shetty Nursing Home and Jyoti Polyclinic. She completed his Fellowship in Diabetes and Endocrinology from the Royal College of Physicians in the UK and underwent residency training in Diabetology at the Asian Heart Institute. Dr. Shaikh is dedicated to advancing diabetes management and improving patient outcomes through personalized care and ongoing education.
Latest Surgical Approaches to Oral Cancer
Recent advancements in surgical approaches to oral cancer have emphasized precision and minimally invasive techniques. Robotic-assisted surgery and transoral laser microsurgery allow for enhanced accuracy, reducing damage to surrounding tissues. Surgeons also increasingly use image-guided technology, which enhances visualization and helps remove tumors more effectively. Sentinel lymph node biopsy has become a standard for early-stage oral cancer, enabling better staging with minimal invasiveness. These advancements contribute to faster recovery times, reduced complications, and improved overall outcomes for patients.
Urinary Tract Infections: Clinical Approach and Management
An infection of the urinary system is known as a urinary tract infection (UTI). The urethra (urethritis) may be affected by this kind of infection (pyelonephritis) kidneys, bladder (cystitis). A consequence of kidneys' blood-filtering function is urine, or pee. When waste materials and extra water are eliminated from your circulation, your kidneys produce urine. Normally, urine passes through your urinary system uncontaminated. However, UTIs can result from bacteria entering the urinary system.
Clinician’s Approach to Septic Shock
The prognosis of sepsis syndromes varies and spans a clinical spectrum. The most serious consequence of sepsis, septic shock, has a high death rate. An inciting substance triggers the activation of both the pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory immune systems, leading to septic shock. This takes place in tandem with the activation of neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages, which engage with the endothelium via pathogen recognition receptors and cause further cytokine, protease, kinin, reactive oxygen species, and nitric oxide involvement. The endothelium is the main location of this reaction, and in addition to microvascular damage, it also triggers the complement and coagulation cascades, which worsen the vascular damage and cause capillary leakage. The clinical signs and symptoms of sepsis and the progression from sepsis are caused by this series of events.
AI Transforming Clinical Practice
The "quadruple aim" of healthcare—improving population health, improving patient and caregiver experiences, and lowering the rising cost of care—presents formidable obstacles for healthcare systems worldwide. Global healthcare expenditures, the burden of chronic diseases, and aging populations are making it harder for governments, payers, regulators, and providers to innovate and change healthcare delivery models. Furthermore, healthcare systems are forced to "perform" (provide efficient, high-quality care) and "transform" care at scale by incorporating real-world data-driven insights into patient care in the context of the current global pandemic.