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Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy : An Overview & Update
Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is a liver disorder that occurs during pregnancy, characterized by impaired bile flow and elevated levels of bile acids in the bloodstream. The exact cause of ICP is not fully understood, but hormonal changes, genetic predisposition, and environmental factors are believed to play a role. Symptoms typically manifest in the third trimester and include intense itching, especially on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet. It is associated with an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as preterm birth, fetal distress, and stillbirth. Increased levels of bile acids can cause complications for the fetus, including respiratory distress syndrome and meconium staining. Regular monitoring of maternal and fetal well-being is crucial in managing ICP. This may involve frequent liver function tests, bile acid measurements, and fetal movement assessments. Women with ICP may require additional antenatal visits and closer surveillance during pregnancy. It usually resolves spontaneously after delivery, and symptoms improve within a few days or weeks postpartum.
About the Speaker
Dr. Krishi Gowdra
Specialist in Obstrectics & Gynecology, Zulekha Hospital Dubai
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Ulcerative Colitis: Treatment and Management review
Respiratory diseases in children, such as asthma, pneumonia, and bronchiolitis, are significant causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. These conditions often present with symptoms like wheezing, coughing, and difficulty breathing, requiring prompt diagnosis and management. Advances in medical care have improved the treatment outcomes, but disparities in healthcare access still pose challenges. Preventative measures, including vaccination and reducing exposure to environmental pollutants, play a crucial role in mitigating the impact of these diseases. Early intervention and comprehensive care are essential to enhance the quality of life for affected children.
Tobacco and Nicotine Control Laws
Tobacco and nicotine control laws aim to reduce the health risks associated with smoking and nicotine use. These regulations often include raising the legal purchasing age, restricting advertising, and imposing higher taxes on tobacco products. Many countries enforce plain packaging with health warnings to discourage use. Public smoking bans and restrictions on flavored nicotine products help protect non-smokers and reduce youth initiation. Additionally, emerging products like e-cigarettes are increasingly regulated under these laws to ensure public health safety
Approach to Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss
One typical complaint that gets referred to secondary care for an otolaryngologist's attention is hearing loss. Conductive and sensorineural hearing loss are the two categories of hearing loss. The majority of hearing loss is caused by sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), which is the most prevalent form. Any cause of hearing loss resulting from a disorder of the central nervous system, auditory nerve, or cochlea is referred to as SNHL. An otolaryngologist, an audiologist, a radiologist, and a speech-language pathologist should be part of a multidisciplinary team that investigates and completes a comprehensive audiometric evaluation for patients with recent onset hearing loss.
Nutritional Strategies for Diabetes Management
Nutritional strategies play a vital role in managing diabetes by helping to regulate blood sugar levels and improve overall health. A balanced diet rich in whole grains, lean proteins, healthy fats, and fiber can promote better glycemic control. Portion control and carbohydrate counting are essential tools for managing post-meal blood sugar spikes. Regular intake of non-starchy vegetables and limiting processed foods and sugars are key components of a diabetes-friendly diet. Additionally, incorporating healthy snacks and maintaining consistent meal timing can help stabilize blood glucose levels and prevent complications.
Cryopreservation in ART
Cryopreservation in Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) is a crucial technique used to freeze and store eggs, sperm, or embryos for future use. It allows individuals or couples to preserve fertility, especially before medical treatments like chemotherapy or for those delaying parenthood. The process involves rapid freezing to protect the cells from damage. Vitrification, a newer method, has significantly improved survival rates of frozen embryos and eggs. Cryopreservation also offers flexibility in ART cycles, improving the chances of successful pregnancies over time.
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