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Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a condition characterized by elevated blood sugar levels during pregnancy, typically developing in the second or third trimester. It arises when the body cannot produce enough insulin to meet the increased demands of pregnancy, leading to insulin resistance. GDM poses risks to both the mother and the baby, including preeclampsia, preterm birth, and higher birth weight, which can complicate delivery. Mothers with GDM are also at increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes later in life. Management includes lifestyle modifications, such as diet and exercise, and, in some cases, medication to maintain blood glucose levels within a target range.
About the Speaker
Dr. Dina Nagodra Mithani
Endocrinologist, DENMARC Institute, Mumbai
Dr. Dina Nagodra Mithani is a highly qualified and experienced diabetes and endocrinology specialist with a comprehensive educational background and extensive international work experience. She holds postgraduate diplomas in endocrinology and diabetes from the University of South Wales, the International Diabetes Federation, the Royal College of Physicians, and Fortis CDOC, as well as a postgraduate certificate in stem cell and regenerative medicine from the University of Utrecht. Additionally, she has a Master of Science in Public and Tropical Health and was promoted for a PhD at the University of Medical Sciences and Technology in Sudan, where she also earned her Bachelor of Science in Medicine and Surgery. Dr. Mithani's career spans several countries, including roles at the DENMARC Institute in Mumbai, the Omdurman Military Hospital in Sudan, the Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital in the UK, and the Midland Regional Hospital in Ireland. She has provided diabetes and endocrinology services in various clinical settings, such as the Acute Medical Assessment Unit at Wexford General Hospital and the Abdalla Khalil Diabetes Center in Sudan. Her experience also includes working in intensive care at Imperial Private Hospital and serving with the State Ministry of Health in Khartoum. In addition to her clinical work, Dr. Mithani has contributed significantly to medical research, with publications in esteemed journals like the New England Journal of Medicine. Her research topics include diabetes in pregnancy, the relationship between diabetes and heart failure, diabetic neuropathy, cardiometabolic disease, and novel therapies for diabetes management. Dr. Mithani's dedication to her field is reflected in her ongoing efforts to improve diabetes care and outcomes for patients globally.
Upcoming Case Discussions
Treatment of Renal Disease in ANCA Vasculitis
The treatment of renal disease in ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) typically involves a combination of immunosuppressive therapies to control inflammation and prevent further kidney damage. First-line treatment often includes high-dose corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide or rituximab, both of which help to induce remission by targeting the underlying immune system dysfunction. In cases of kidney failure or rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis, plasmapheresis may be used to remove circulating autoantibodies. Once remission is achieved, maintenance therapy with lower doses of immunosuppressants, such as azathioprine or mycophenolate mofetil, is used to prevent relapses and preserve kidney function.
Pulmonary Tuberculosis: Challenges in Diagnosis
Diagnosing pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) poses significant challenges, particularly in resource-limited settings. The disease often mimics other respiratory conditions, leading to delayed or missed diagnoses. Traditional diagnostic methods like sputum smear microscopy have limited sensitivity, especially in HIV co-infected or low-bacterial-load patients. Advanced techniques such as GeneXpert and culture tests, though more accurate, are often unavailable in remote areas. Children and immunocompromised patients present additional hurdles due to atypical symptoms and difficulty obtaining diagnostic samples. Non-specific imaging findings further complicate diagnosis. Addressing these challenges requires expanded access to molecular diagnostics, improved point-of-care tools, and greater healthcare awareness.
NIV in Acute Respiratory Failure
Dr Viny Kantroo is a Chest, Critical Care & Sleep medicine specialist based in Delhi, boasting over more than 15 years of professional experience. She is currently practising as a full time Senior consultant in Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals New Delhi and Visiting Consultant Apollo Hospitals Noida in the department of Respiratory, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine. She is recognised for her expertise in various aspects of Chest medicine, which includes EBUS (Convex probe, Radial), Bronchoscopic procedures, pleural effusion management, interstitial lung disease, Covid-19, lung cancer, pneumonia, and intensive care patient management. Dr Kantroo is renowned not only for her medical proficiency but also for her empathy and positive attitude towards patient care. Patients consulting with Dr Viny can be assured of receiving an accurate diagnosis and effective treatment, thanks to her commitment to prompt and comprehensive care.
AI in Genetics and Genomics
AI is revolutionizing genetics and genomics by enabling faster and more accurate analysis of complex genetic data. Machine learning algorithms can identify patterns in DNA sequences, helping to discover new genetic variants linked to diseases. Additionally, AI assists in predicting gene functions, personalizing medicine, and accelerating drug development. Its integration promises significant advancements in understanding genetic diseases and improving healthcare outcomes.
Management of Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes
Pediatric type 1 diabetes management focuses on maintaining glycemic control while supporting normal growth. Insulin therapy, via multiple daily injections or pumps, is essential, with doses adjusted based on blood glucose monitoring or continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). Nutrition plans emphasizing carbohydrate counting and balanced meals are crucial, alongside adjustments for physical activity to prevent glucose fluctuations. Education for families on recognizing hypo- and hyperglycemia symptoms and managing sick days is vital. Regular follow-ups with a pediatric endocrinologist help monitor HbA1c levels, growth, and complications. Psychosocial support is key for ensuring adherence and addressing emotional challenges.
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Dr. Dina Nagodra Mithani's Talks on Assimilate
- 22th-June-2024, TIME : 3:00PM TO 4:00 PM
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Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a condition characterized by elevated blood sugar levels during pregnancy, typically developing in the second or third trimester. It arises when the body cannot produce enough insulin to meet the increased demands of pregnancy, leading to insulin resistance. GDM poses risks to both the mother and the baby, including preeclampsia, preterm birth, and higher birth weight, which can complicate delivery. Mothers with GDM are also at increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes later in life. Management includes lifestyle modifications, such as diet and exercise, and, in some cases, medication to maintain blood glucose levels within a target range.