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Colorectal Oncology
Colon cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the large intestine (colon). The colon is the final part of the digestive tract. Colon cancer typically affects older adults, though it can happen at any age. It usually begins as small, noncancerous (benign) clumps of cells called polyps that form on the inside of the colon. Over time some of these polyps can become colon cancers. Polyps may be small and produce few, if any, symptoms. For this reason, doctors recommend regular screening tests to help prevent colon cancer by identifying and removing polyps before they turn into cancer.
About the Speaker
Dr Zakir K Mohamed
MRCSEd (Gen surg) CCBST (UK) MSc (Leeds) FRCSEd (Colorectal)FRCSEng CCT (UK)
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Cancer Screening: Overview
The goal of cancer screening is to identify cancers when they are small and easier to treat, which can increase the chances of survival. There are different types of cancer screening tests available, including imaging tests (such as mammograms or CT scans), blood tests, and tissue samples (such as Pap smears or colonoscopies). The frequency of cancer screening depends on various factors, including age, gender, family history, and personal medical history. False positive results can occur in cancer screening tests, which can lead to unnecessary follow-up procedures and anxiety. False negative results can also occur, which means that a cancer may be missed by a screening test.
Palliative care in cancer
Palliative care is a specialized form of medical care focused on improving the quality of life for people with serious illnesses, including cancer. It can be provided at any stage of cancer, and it can be offered alongside curative treatment. For cancer patients, it often includes pain management, symptom control, and support for emotional and psychological needs. It improves the overall quality of life for cancer patients, and may even extend their life expectancy. Palliative care is an important component of comprehensive cancer care, and should be considered as an essential part of a patient's treatment plan.
Surgery for Thyroid Cancer: Techniques and Outcomes
The most common surgical approach for thyroid cancer is a total thyroidectomy, which involves removing the entire thyroid gland. In some cases, a partial thyroidectomy may be performed if the cancer is confined to one lobe of the thyroid gland. Minimally invasive techniques such as endoscopic or robotic-assisted thyroid surgery may be used for smaller tumors or when preservation of the thyroid gland is desired. In some cases, lymph node dissection may also be performed to remove cancerous lymph nodes in the neck.
Thyroid Carcinoma: the Surgeon’s Perspective
Thyroid carcinoma is a type of cancer that develops in the thyroid gland, which is located in the neck and produces hormones that regulate metabolism. Total thyroidectomy, where the entire gland is removed, is typically recommended for papillary and follicular thyroid cancer. Lymph node dissection may also be performed to remove any cancerous lymph nodes in the neck. Advances in surgical techniques, such as the use of minimally invasive procedures, have improved outcomes for patients with thyroid carcinoma.
Cervical cancer – Screening and Prevention
Cervical cancer can often be prevented by having regular screenings with Pap tests and human papillomavirus (HPV) tests to find any precancers and treat them. It can also be prevented by receiving the HPV vaccine. To help prevent cervical cancer, HPV vaccination is recommended for all adolescents as part of their routine vaccines. It may be given starting at age 9. ASCO recommends that all women receive at least 1 HPV test, at a minimum, to screen for cervical cancer in their lifetime, with general frequencies being between every 5 to 10 years.
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