وصف
Cancer is abnormal multiplication and spread of cells in the body. Cancer cells have to migrate from one site and invade other tissues.Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers seen in the women, and it most likely to affect women over the age of 50. The most common signs and symptoms include lump in breast ,thickening of the breast, change of shape for breast, there are changes seen as swelling,redness, pain and warmth that is persistence and blood discharge from the nipples.
ملخص
- Breast cancer arises from abnormal cell multiplication, often starting in the ductal or fibroular tissue. Invasive ductal carcinoma is the most common type, while precancerous cells include DCIS and LCIS. Presentations vary from lumps to nipple discharge or axillary lymph nodes, with aggressive forms like inflammatory breast cancer requiring prompt investigation.
- Risk factors for breast cancer include increasing age, being female, late pregnancies, not breastfeeding, a longer reproductive age, prior breast irradiation, and unhealthy lifestyles (obesity, alcohol, smoking). Hormone replacement therapy is linked to increased risk, while oral contraceptive pills are not. Early and regular screening is crucial, and screening should be conducted in the first half of the menstrual cycle.
- Diagnostic techniques involve a triple assessment: self-examination, clinical breast examination, and imaging (ultrasound, mammogram, MRI). Mammograms are generally for women over 40, while MRI is for high-risk patients or inconclusive ultrasounds. Various biopsy types exist to confirm diagnosis. Mammograms should not replace other forms of investigation and should also be utilized in women with high BARRETS scores.
- Treatment strategies for breast cancer involves breast-conserving surgery, mastectomy, radiation, and systemic chemotherapy. Factors like patient age, tumor biology, location, breast size, and family history influence treatment decisions. Reconstructive surgery is often an option after mastectomy.
- Lymphedema is a potential complication post-mastectomy, preventable through careful surgical technique, avoiding arm injuries, and wearing loose clothing. Effective communication, risk awareness, and lifestyle adaptation are essential to address the rising incidence of breast cancer.
نموذج شهادة
حول المتحدثين
Dr. VERUSHKA MANSUKHANI
DNB (GENERAL SURGERY), MRCS (ed), DHA GENERAL SURGEON & BREAST SURGEON WITH SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
الإفصاح المالي
تعليقات
تعليقات
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