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Usage of 2D Echo in Critical Care Settings
2D echo, or two-dimensional echocardiography, is a valuable diagnostic tool used in critical care settings. It provides real-time images of the heart's structures and function, aiding in the assessment and management of critically ill patients. In critical care, 2D echo is used to evaluate cardiac function and detect abnormalities that may require immediate intervention. It allows for the visualization of the heart's chambers, valves, and blood flow patterns, providing crucial information for decision-making. 2D echo helps in the assessment of myocardial contractility, which is vital in monitoring and managing critically ill patients. It is useful in evaluating and diagnosing conditions such as myocardial infarction, cardiomyopathies, and pericardial diseases. In critical care settings, 2D echo aids in the detection of complications like cardiac tamponade or acute valvular dysfunction. It helps assess the impact of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) or sepsis on cardiac function. It assists in identifying the cause of shock, such as cardiogenic, hypovolemic, obstructive, or distributive shock. 2D echo can detect right ventricular dysfunction, which is a common feature in acute respiratory failure or pulmonary embolism. It helps guide fluid resuscitation by evaluating left ventricular filling pressures and assessing volume status.
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Dr Shefali Sharma
Head & Assistant Director Department of Emergency Medicine & Trauma Center Tender Palm Superspeciality Hospital
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Impact of Endometriosis on Fertility
Endometriosis, a condition where endometrial-like tissue grows outside the uterus, can significantly impact fertility. It causes inflammation, scarring, and adhesions that may distort pelvic anatomy, block fallopian tubes, and impair ovarian function. Endometriosis is also linked to hormonal imbalances and poor egg quality, reducing the chances of conception. Symptoms like chronic pelvic pain and painful intercourse further complicate fertility. Diagnosis often requires laparoscopy, while management includes pain relief, hormonal therapy, and assisted reproductive techniques like IVF. Early intervention with medical or surgical treatment can improve reproductive outcomes, but severe cases may necessitate advanced fertility treatments for conception.
Hyperlipidemia: From Diagnosis to Treatment
Hyperlipidemia is a condition characterized by elevated levels of lipids, such as cholesterol and triglycerides, in the blood, which can increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Diagnosis typically involves blood tests measuring lipid profiles, while treatment focuses on lifestyle changes, such as diet and exercise, alongside medications like statins to manage cholesterol levels and reduce cardiovascular risk. Regular monitoring is essential for effective management and prevention of complications.
Acne: Disorders and Treatment Approaches
Acne is a common dermatological condition caused by clogged pores, excess sebum production, bacterial growth, and inflammation. It can manifest as blackheads, whiteheads, papules, pustules, or cysts, often leading to scarring if untreated. Various factors, including hormonal changes, diet, stress, and genetics, influence its severity. Treatment approaches range from topical and oral medications, such as retinoids, antibiotics, and hormonal therapy, to advanced procedures like chemical peels and laser therapy. A personalized skincare regimen, along with lifestyle modifications, plays a crucial role in managing and preventing acne.
Lung Ultrasound in Acute Respiratory Failure
Lung ultrasound has emerged as a vital, non-invasive tool in the rapid assessment of acute respiratory failure. It provides real-time imaging to differentiate conditions like pneumonia, pulmonary edema, pneumothorax, and pleural effusion with high accuracy. Compared to traditional chest X-rays, lung ultrasound offers superior sensitivity, especially in critically ill patients where bedside evaluation is crucial. Its ability to guide immediate clinical decisions improves patient outcomes and reduces unnecessary radiation exposure. With standardized protocols like the BLUE (Bedside Lung Ultrasound in Emergency) protocol, it enhances diagnostic efficiency in emergency and ICU settings.
Gallstone Disease & Cholecystitis: When to Operate?
iGallstone disease and cholecystitis are common conditions requiring careful evaluation to determine the need for surgery. Symptomatic gallstones causing recurrent pain, nausea, or complications like cholecystitis often necessitate cholecystectomy. Acute cholecystitis, characterized by inflammation, fever, and right upper quadrant pain, typically requires early surgical intervention to prevent complications like perforation or sepsis. In high-risk patients, conservative management with antibiotics and drainage may be considered. Elective surgery is recommended for asymptomatic patients with high-risk factors, such as large gallstones or gallbladder polyps, to prevent future complications.