विवरण
The term "weight management" describes the methods, habits, and physiological mechanisms that help an individual reach and stay at a healthy weight. The majority of weight-management plans include long-term lifestyle changes that encourage regular exercise and a nutritious diet. Furthermore, maintaining a healthy weight requires creating relevant methods for monitoring weight changes over time and determining the appropriate body weight for various people. The majority of weight management techniques center on maintaining an appropriate body weight after reaching healthy weights through gradual but sustained weight decrease. It's critical to comprehend the fundamental science underlying weight management as well as techniques for achieving and preserving a healthy weight because obesity raises the chance of developing a number of chronic illnesses, including Type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease.
सारांश
- The session focused on weight management in both adults and children, addressing the increasing prevalence of obesity globally. Data from a Lancet study (1990-2022) indicated a significant rise in obesity rates across various countries. The importance of understanding the underlying causes of weight gain, rather than just implementing quick fixes, was emphasized.
- The session defined obesity using Body Mass Index (BMI) as a diagnostic tool. For adults, a BMI over 30 indicates obesity, while a BMI between 24 and 29 signals overweight. In children, BMI is evaluated against percentile charts based on age and height, with values above the 95th percentile considered overweight.
- Key factors contributing to obesity include excessive energy intake, insufficient energy expenditure, poor gut health (gut dysbiosis), and hormone imbalances. Energy intake exceeding expenditure leads to fat storage, while low activity levels hinder energy utilization. Furthermore, imbalances in hormones like leptin and ghrelin can influence appetite and metabolism.
- Management strategies for adults involve aiming for a 5-10% reduction in original weight through a calorie-deficit diet. Lifestyle changes, including dietary modifications, regular physical activity (minimum of 150 minutes of moderate to high-intensity exercise per week), and behavioral adjustments are essential.
- For children, weight management focuses on healthy lifestyle changes rather than strict calorie restriction. Portion control of fruits and vegetables, limiting sweetened beverages, and promoting mindful eating are emphasized. Promoting outdoor activities and reducing screen time are crucial for increasing physical activity levels.
- Behavioral and psychological factors play a significant role in both adult and child weight management. Building confidence and social support, alongside addressing emotional eating habits and potential nutrient deficiencies, are key components. Managing sleep patterns and creating a calm environment are particularly vital for children.
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