विवरण
Osteoporosis is a medical condition characterized by weakened and porous bones, making them more susceptible to fractures and breaks. This occurs when the density and quality of bone are reduced, resulting in a loss of bone mass. Osteoporosis is often asymptomatic in its early stages, earning it the nickname "the silent disease," but it can progress over time and become a significant health concern, particularly in older adults.
Aging: Bone mass tends to decrease as individuals age, making older adults more vulnerable to osteoporosis.
Hormonal changes: Postmenopausal women are at an increased risk due to decreased estrogen levels.
Genetics: A family history of osteoporosis may contribute to an individual's susceptibility.
Lifestyle factors: Lack of physical activity, low body weight, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and poor nutrition can all contribute to the development of osteoporosis.
सारांश
- Dr. Kafaji emphasizes the importance of comprehensive osteoporosis assessment, moving beyond sole reliance on DEXA scans, which he argues can be misleading due to operator variability and other factors. He presents case studies where patients were misdiagnosed or inadequately treated despite DEXA results, leading to fractures.
- The presentation highlights the need to consider the patient's clinical history, physical examination, family history, activity level, and nutritional status. Laboratory tests such as CBC, liver and renal function, calcium levels, and bone markers (CTX, P1NP) are crucial for a thorough evaluation.
- Radiological assessments should begin with plain X-rays, followed by DEXA scans or, preferably, Quantitative CT (QCT). QCT is favored as it potentially provides more accurate bone density measurements and may have lower radiation exposure than DEXA.
- Dr. Kafaji advocates for a multidisciplinary approach to osteoporosis management, involving physiotherapy and dietician consultations in addition to medical interventions. Physiotherapy should focus on muscle strengthening to improve endurance, while dietician input is vital for optimizing calcium absorption through dietary modifications.
- Prophylactic treatment during the osteopenic stage (10-25% bone density loss) is more effective than waiting until osteoporosis is fully developed (25% loss). Early intervention can help rebuild bone mass more efficiently, preventing fractures.
- The lecture stresses the importance of appropriate physiotherapy and continuous education for both patients and physiotherapists. Exercise regimens should be tailored to avoid twisting or high-impact activities, and patients should receive detailed information about their diet, exercise, and medication. Regular follow-up appointments, including lab tests and QCT scans every two years, are necessary to monitor progress and adjust treatment plans.
नमूना प्रमाण पत्र
वक्ताओं के बारे में
Dr. Medhat Al Khafaji
Medical Director & Consultant Orthopedic Surgery, Seha Emirates Hospital, AUH
वित्तीय प्रकटीकरण
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