विवरण
Nutrition in pregnancy is crucial for the health of both the mother and the developing baby. A well-balanced diet rich in essential nutrients like folic acid, iron, calcium, and protein supports fetal growth, reduces the risk of birth defects, and strengthens maternal health. Adequate intake of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and healthy fats ensures a steady supply of vitamins and minerals. Staying hydrated and managing portion sizes helps avoid complications like gestational diabetes and excessive weight gain. Prenatal supplements may be recommended to meet specific nutritional needs. Proper nutrition fosters a healthy pregnancy and sets the foundation for the baby’s long-term well-being.
सारांश
- Dr. Yamini, a gynecologist from Azara Hospital, presented on nutrition during pregnancy and lactation, highlighting its critical role in fetal development and maternal health. She emphasized the lasting impact of proper nutrition on the baby's future health and the mother's well-being during and after childbirth. The presentation covered various aspects, including caloric requirements, essential vitamins, minerals, and teratogenic medications to avoid.
- Dr. Yamini discussed the importance of the first 1000 days, from conception to 24 months after birth, as a critical window for optimal development. She cited WHO, highlighting that poor nutrition in utero can lead to later health problems such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and obesity in the child. She also addressed the increased risk of large-for-gestational-age babies in obese women.
- The presentation outlined nutrition changes needed during pregnancy, including calorie adjustments based on trimester and individual needs. She highlighted the importance of tailoring nutritional advice based on a mother's BMI and pre-existing conditions like diabetes or obesity. Two case studies were presented to illustrate the varied needs of pregnant women with different BMIs, pre-existing conditions, and dietary habits.
- Dr. Yamini detailed macronutrient recommendations, including increased protein intake (around 60mg per day) and appropriate carbohydrate and fat proportions. She also discussed essential micronutrients like folic acid, iron, calcium, magnesium, zinc, and vitamins A and D, emphasizing their roles in fetal development and maternal health. The importance of appropriate dosages and potential toxicities (like Vitamin A) were highlighted.
- The presentation covered how to counsel pregnant patients, emphasizing the importance of starting pregnancy at a healthy weight and avoiding the "eating for two" myth. She discussed challenges in addressing individual patient needs, including cultural food choices, activity levels, and pre-existing health conditions like gestational diabetes or hyperemesis gravidarum. Dietary recommendations were provided for conditions like hyperemesis and after bariatric surgery.
- Dr. Yamini discussed the consequences of poor maternal nutrition, including neonatal mortality, intrauterine growth retardation, and childhood health problems. She also addressed maternal complications like anemia, preeclampsia, and protracted postnatal recovery. The presentation concluded with a discussion of lactation, recommending exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months and emphasizing the increased caloric and protein needs of breastfeeding mothers.
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डॉ. यामिनी धर
प्रसूति एवं स्त्री रोग विशेषज्ञ, अलज़हरा अस्पताल, यूएई
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