विवरण
Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological condition where endometrial-like tissue grows outside the uterus, causing pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, and infertility. The ectopic tissue responds to hormonal changes, leading to inflammation, adhesions, and scarring. Diagnosis is based on clinical symptoms, imaging (ultrasound, MRI), and confirmed by laparoscopy with biopsy. Treatment includes NSAIDs, hormonal therapy (OCPs, progestins, GnRH analogs), and surgical excision for severe cases. Fertility treatments like IVF may be needed. While not curable, early diagnosis and management can relieve symptoms and improve quality of life.
सारांश
- Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory condition impacting a woman's mental and physical health, potentially leading to reduced productivity and social isolation. A holistic approach is essential, addressing physical, psychological, and social well-being, with support from medical staff, family, and social support groups. Early diagnosis can enhance symptom management, lessen emotional distress, and improve treatment outcomes, especially concerning fertility.
- Initial assessment involves detailed history-taking, covering pain characteristics, associated symptoms, and the impact on the patient's life, as well as family history. Transvaginal ultrasound is the first-line imaging technique. If ultrasound results are inconclusive, diagnostic laparoscopy with biopsy can be considered. Management strategies require individualization, taking into account factors like age, reproductive desires, symptom severity, and endometriosis extent.
- Treatment modalities encompass non-medical strategies, medical strategies, medically assisted reproduction, and surgical techniques. Non-medical strategies include diet, stress reduction, and emotional support, although definitive evidence supporting their effectiveness is lacking. Medical strategies involve non-hormonal pain relief, hormonal contraception, and GnRH agonists/antagonists. Surgical options include operative laparoscopy for superficial endometriosis and endometrioma treatment.
- Assisted reproductive techniques (ART) can be utilized based on the endometriosis fertility index, sperm analysis, and genetics. Fertility preservation may be considered in severe ovarian endometriosis cases. New treatment approaches include dienogest and GnRH antagonists, which are being investigated for their efficacy and safety. Emerging tools include AI-based diagnostic tools like "imagendo" that uses MRI images, and blood tests for endometriosis like "promarker endo" to identify specific protein biomarkers.
नमूना प्रमाण पत्र
वक्ताओं के बारे में
Dr. Vipin Kumar
Consultant Obstetrician and Gynecologist NHS, Northern Ireland, UK
वित्तीय प्रकटीकरण
टिप्पणियाँ
टिप्पणियाँ
टिप्पणी करने के लिए आपको लॉगिन होना होगा।