विवरण
Cryopreservation in Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) is a crucial technique used to freeze and store eggs, sperm, or embryos for future use. It allows individuals or couples to preserve fertility, especially before medical treatments like chemotherapy or for those delaying parenthood. The process involves rapid freezing to protect the cells from damage. Vitrification, a newer method, has significantly improved survival rates of frozen embryos and eggs. Cryopreservation also offers flexibility in ART cycles, improving the chances of successful pregnancies over time.
सारांश
- Trauma is a leading cause of mortality worldwide, especially in developed countries, and is estimated to be the third leading cause of death according to the WHO. The concept of the "golden hour," the first 60 minutes after a trauma event, is crucial for interventions to improve patient outcomes.
- Triage is essential in trauma care to segregate patients based on the severity of their injuries and the need for immediate care. Imaging is required for patients with severe injuries, but there's a gray area of patients who may initially seem well but later deteriorate.
- The evolution of CT scan technology has revolutionized trauma care. Earlier CT machines were time-consuming and produced poor-quality images, while modern CT scans can acquire whole-body images in a matter of minutes.
- Spiral or helical CT scans with continuously rotating tubes and multiple rows of detectors enable rapid image acquisition. This reduces scanning time, improves patient comfort, and facilitates imaging of pediatric and critically ill patients.
- CT scans offer advantages such as high-resolution images, reconstruction in multiple planes, excellent visualization of vascular anatomy with contrast agents, and surface/volume rendering. Volume rendering provides a true skeleton view, while surface rendering offers an exact picture of the skin.
- CT angiography provides a road map for surgeons and helps them plan their procedures, choose instruments, and explain the complexity of the surgery to relatives. Modern CT scans are essential for detecting active bleeding, bowel injuries, and injuries to the urinary bladder or collecting system.
- AI models in radiology can separate normal from abnormal images, increase efficiency, and assist in triaging patients, potentially guiding physicians in the absence of a radiologist. AI is not intended to replace radiologists but to enhance their efficacy and reduce workload.
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