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HMOs and gut development: A latest clinical Update
The effects of Human Milk Oligosaccharides (HMOs) on the infant gut are profound, influencing gut microbiome development and health trajectories through toddlerhood. Various HMOs, their doses, and periods of supplementation have been investigated, with clinical evidence supporting the supplementation of five key HMOs. HMOs are now incorporated into infant formula to mimic the benefits of breast milk, while non-human oligosaccharides are also explored for their potential benefits. Safety profiles and regulatory considerations are critical in the use of HMOs, which has advanced through improved synthesis and production techniques for clinical application. Real-world examples and case studies demonstrate the benefits of HMOs, and ongoing research is uncovering new possibilities for their application in promoting infant gut health.
About the Speaker
Dr. Sunil Kumar Sehgal
Consultant Pediatrician, Safdarjung Enclave, Delhi
Dr Sunil Kumar Sehgal, a distinguished pediatrician in Safdarjung Enclave, Delhi, brings 44 years of rich experience to his practice at Dr Sehgal’s Clinic. He completed his MBBS from Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, in 1980, followed by a Diploma in Child Health (DCH) in 1983 from the same institution. Dr Sehgal furthered his education with an MD in pediatrics from Safdarjung Hospital, University of Delhi, in 1985. His extensive training and expertise underscore his commitment to providing high-quality care for children and families in the community.
Upcoming Case Discussions
Ulcerative Colitis: Treatment and Management review
Respiratory diseases in children, such as asthma, pneumonia, and bronchiolitis, are significant causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. These conditions often present with symptoms like wheezing, coughing, and difficulty breathing, requiring prompt diagnosis and management. Advances in medical care have improved the treatment outcomes, but disparities in healthcare access still pose challenges. Preventative measures, including vaccination and reducing exposure to environmental pollutants, play a crucial role in mitigating the impact of these diseases. Early intervention and comprehensive care are essential to enhance the quality of life for affected children.
Chronic Pain: Diagnosis and Management Strategies
The syndrome includes a broad spectrum of chronic pain that lasts longer than three to six months and frequently stems from an injury, illness, or other unidentified cause. An individual's quality of life can be severely compromised by chronic pain, which can result in physical limits, emotional misery, and social isolation. Furthermore, inadequate diagnosis and treatment of chronic pain can exacerbate opioid use disorders and raise the rates of morbidity and death in those who experience it. As a result, medical practitioners need to comprehend chronic pain and use the right treatment plans. Healthcare workers will leave this workshop with a thorough grasp of chronic pain, including how it is evaluated and treated. The many facets of chronic pain are examined by the participants, along with the underlying causes, diagnostic methods, and evidence-based treatments.
Approach to Respiratory Failure
The respiratory system provides oxygen to and removes carbon dioxide from the body; however, the inability to perform either or both of these tasks results in respiratory failure. Type 1 respiratory failure occurs when the respiratory system cannot adequately provide oxygen to the body, leading to hypoxemia, and can be caused by alveolar hypoventilation, low atmospheric pressure/fraction of inspired oxygen, diffusion defect, ventilation/perfusion mismatch, and right-to-left shunt. Type 2 respiratory failure occurs when the respiratory system cannot adequately remove carbon dioxide from the body, leading to hypercapnia, and can be caused by respiratory pump failure and increased carbon dioxide production. Let's discuss the evaluation and management of respiratory failure and highlights the role of the healthcare team in evaluating and treating patients with this condition.
Tobacco and Nicotine Control Laws
Tobacco and nicotine control laws aim to reduce the health risks associated with smoking and nicotine use. These regulations often include raising the legal purchasing age, restricting advertising, and imposing higher taxes on tobacco products. Many countries enforce plain packaging with health warnings to discourage use. Public smoking bans and restrictions on flavored nicotine products help protect non-smokers and reduce youth initiation. Additionally, emerging products like e-cigarettes are increasingly regulated under these laws to ensure public health safety
Approach to Sensoneural Hearing Loss
One typical complaint that gets referred to secondary care for an otolaryngologist's attention is hearing loss. Conductive and sensorineural hearing loss are the two categories of hearing loss. The majority of hearing loss is caused by sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), which is the most prevalent form. Any cause of hearing loss resulting from a disorder of the central nervous system, auditory nerve, or cochlea is referred to as SNHL. An otolaryngologist, an audiologist, a radiologist, and a speech-language pathologist should be part of a multidisciplinary team that investigates and completes a comprehensive audiometric evaluation for patients with recent onset hearing loss.