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Thyroid Cancer Encounters: Case Presentations
Thyroid cancer arises when abnormal cells in the thyroid gland begin to grow uncontrollably, forming a tumor. The most common types of thyroid cancer include papillary and follicular thyroid cancer, with papillary being the most prevalent. Exposure to radiation, family history, and certain genetic mutations are known risk factors for thyroid cancer. Symptoms may include a lump in the neck, difficulty swallowing, hoarseness, and persistent neck pain. Diagnosis often involves imaging studies like ultrasound, biopsy, and thyroid function tests. Treatment options depend on the type and stage of thyroid cancer and may include surgery, radioactive iodine therapy, and thyroid hormone replacement. Prognosis for thyroid cancer is generally favorable, with a high survival rate, especially for well-differentiated types. Regular follow-up care and monitoring of thyroid hormone levels are essential to detect any recurrence or metastasis. Supportive care, including psychological and nutritional support, is crucial for individuals undergoing thyroid cancer treatment. Public awareness and early detection through regular screenings play a key role in improving outcomes for individuals with thyroid cancer.
About the Speaker
Dr. G. V. Nagarjuna Reddy
Head & Neck Oncosurgeon, Tata Memorial Hospitals, Mumbai.
He has his expertise in Head and Neck benign lesions such as Cysts/ Swelling in the neck- Thyroglossal cyst, Submandibular stone, Branchial cyst & sinuses, Neck mass- Nerve sheath tumors, Head and Neck Cancers, Laryngectomy. Voice prosthesis for post laryngectomy patients, Thyroid swellings, Neck cysts, sinuses, nodes and swellings ,Parotid swellings and cancers , Nose bleeding and cancers and many more
Upcoming Case Discussions
Clinician’s Approach to Hypertensive Nephropathy
Many processes influence the management of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and lead to the development of hypertension in the disease. Increased sympathetic tone in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a result of afferent signals produced by functionally failing kidneys. The great majority of CKD patients suffer from hypertension, which can both cause and result from the disease. In people with CKD, controlling hypertension is crucial since it lowers the risk of CVD and slows the disease's course. There is no agreement on the ideal blood pressure (BP) targets provided by current guidelines. Consequently, when deciding how to care specific patients.
Anaphylaxis In Emergency Department
A dangerous systemic hypersensitivity reaction with a typically quick onset that can be fatal is anaphylaxis. Rapid onset of breathing, circulation,and/or airway issues are its defining characteristics. The most crucial treatment is intramuscular adrenaline, although many patients do not receive it even in medical facilities, despite recommendations to the contrary. The significance of positioning during the management of anaphylaxis and the necessity of avoiding activities that could postpone the timely and proper delivery of adrenaline. Antihistamines should only be used as a last resort when ABC characteristics have been successfully treated in order to lessen skin involvement.
Circulatory Shock In Trauma
The inability of the circulatory system to supply tissue oxygenation and organ perfusion necessary to meet cellular metabolic demands is known as shock. Although non-haemorrhagic shock, such as cardiogenic or neurogenic shock, can occur after trauma, hemorrhage is more frequently linked to trauma-related shock. Evidence gathered over the past ten years has shown that trauma patients suffer from acute traumatic coagulopathy (ATC), which is brought on by the actual process of injury. Damage control resuscitation (DCR), the current method for managing acute shock, was developed with this as a key component. Haemostatic resuscitation, which uses blood products as the main resuscitative fluid, permissive hypotension, and damage control surgery are the three main resuscitative techniques included in DCR.
Fertilization & Early Development
Fertilization occurs when a sperm cell merges with an egg cell, creating a zygote, which is the first stage of a new life. This process takes place in the fallopian tube. The zygote then undergoes rapid cell division, known as cleavage, forming a multi-cellular structure called a blastocyst. As the blastocyst moves toward the uterus, it continues to divide and develop. Approximately 5-7 days after fertilization, the blastocyst implants itself into the uterine lining, initiating pregnancy. Early development involves the formation of the foundational structures and systems that will shape the embryo.
Metabolic Syndrome and Heart Health
Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of conditions that increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes. These conditions include high blood pressure, elevated blood sugar, excess body fat around the waist, and abnormal cholesterol or triglyceride levels. When these risk factors occur together, they amplify the risk of developing cardiovascular issues. Metabolic syndrome is closely linked to insulin resistance, where the body struggles to use insulin effectively. Lifestyle changes, such as adopting a healthy diet, regular exercise, and weight management, are crucial in managing the syndrome. Early intervention is essential to prevent the progression to heart disease and other complications.